Wrench



(N0 ModeL) S. ROBINSON.

WRENCH.

No. 320,172. Patented June 16, 1885.

UNITED SrAi-ns FATENT Crrrcn.

SQUIRE ROBINSON, OF SOUTHINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,172, dated June 16,1885.

Application filed July 2-2, 1884.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, S UIRE RoBINsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Southington, in the county of Hartford and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in\Vrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of socalled monkey-wrenches in whichthe movablejaw is actuated by a screw secured rotatably in a frameformed as an integral part of the wrenchbar, or attached fixedlythereto, my immediate object being to simplify somewhat the constructionof said wrench so that the actuatingscrew and its supporting-frame maybe cheaply made, quickly assembled, and when so assembled Inay rotatefreely, with no tendency to cramp or rattle.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my wrench, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinalsection, partly in elevation, of parts thereof.

The fixedjaw A, wrench-bar B, and movable jaw C, are all old and wellknown. The screw D, and its knurled head E are of the same general formas the ordinary screw and head. They are either made in one piece orrigidly connected, so as to be practically integral. In the outer end ofthe head I drill an axial hole, a, Fig. 2, in which I place theseparately-formed loose journal-pin b. I also make this hole deep enoughto receive the spring 0.

F designates the ferrule, G the step, and H the recessed shoulder, allformed in one piece or otherwise made practically integral. The interiorof the forward part of the ferrule is squared to fit the wrench-bar,while the other part is round to inclose the end of the wooden handle I,as in prior wrenches. The face of the step G-that is,the side whichconfronts the shoulder His provided with a recess or hearing for the endof the journal-pin b, and the distance between this face and saidshoulder is such that the head of the screw neatly fits therein, asshown.

In order to assemble the parts the j ournalpin is pushed inward againstthe spring 0 until its outer end is flush or nearly so with the mouth ofthe hole in the head E. The screwhead and spring-pressed pin are thenmoved bodily sidewise to bring the screwhead in (No model.)

proper position between the face of the step G and shoulder H, and sosoon as the journalpin 1) is directly in front of its bearing in thestep the spring will force said pin into place and hold it there, asshown in Fig. 2. By this construction the parts are readily assembled,and when assembled the integral step, ferrule, and shoulder furnish afirm and durable support for the screw, while there is less tendency forthe screw to cramp and bind in place under strain than there is whenthe'journal is integral with the screw. I find in practice, too, thatthe spring-pressed pin 1) acts to prevent the rattling of parts whichinvariably follows when said parts are carelessly fitted or become wornby use.

It is a fact well known to those who have occasion to use screwmonkey-wrenches that there is aconstant tendency on the part of the jawactuating screw to rotate and unscrew slightly at every jar, and alsowhile in the act of removing the wrench from and attachingit again tothe nut or bolt which is being turned, thus allowing the movable jaw towork slowly away from the fixedjaw and slip on the nut,unless saidmovable j aw is frequently adjusted to fit said nut. In my newdevice,while the spring 0 is not stiff enough to prevent the operatorfrom turning screw D to adjust jaw C, said spring, by constantly forcingpin b forward against its seat, acts as a friction-tension to check anytendency on the part of screw D to work loose with ordinary use. Itshould be noticed that the separately-formed loose journal-pin b isnecessarily loosely fitted at both endsthat is, within the head of thescrew and within the stepand the fact that there is less tendency forthe screw to cramp and bind in place under strain than in prior wrenchesis in a measure due to this construction.

The construction of the recessed shoulder, the step, and the ferrulewhich embraces the wrench-bar, all in one piece or integral, is of greatimportance in a combination where the separately-formed journal-pin b isemployed, because the screw is held closely up to the step, and in casethe ferrule works back toward the handle end of the wrench-bar undercontinued use, as is often the case, the screw will also work back withit, and there will be no liability of the out of place;

I am aware that a prior patent to myself shows an integral ferrulestepand recessed shoulder, with a screw having an integral head andjournal-pin, and I hereby disclaim the same.

I am also aware that prior patents to others show somewhat similarwrenches, in which the screw having an integral head is pivoted to thestep by a pin rigidly fixed in the step, while one end extends into anaxial hole in the screw-head, upon which pin the screw freely'rotates.Another prior patent shows a wrench having a wrench -bar, a fixed and amovable jaw, the latter operated by a nut or worm, which engages arackon the side of the bar, said nut or worm being mounted upon a hinged butnon-rotatable axle, which is held in position bya spring-pressed pin orlatch. This latter wrench is materially different from mine, andparticularly so in the fact that neither the spring nor the pin or latchever comes in com journal pin ever working tact with any rotary part,and that the pin has no contact whatever with any part which receivesthe end-thrust of the movable jaws, or any part that is at all analogousto a step in the sense of that term as herein employed. All of saidprior art is hereby disclaim'ed.

I claim as my invention In a Wrench of the class described, the ferruleE, the step G, having the pin receiving recess or hearing, and therecessed shoulder H, all made integral and adapted to be slipped uponthe wrench-bar, as described, in combination with the headed screw D E,having the axial hole in its head end, the journal-pin b, loosely fittedwithin the step G and also within the screW-head,and the spring forholding said journal-pin in place, all substantially as de- 0 scribed,and for. the purposes specified.

' SQUIRE ROBINSON. WVit n esses i i EDDY N. SMITH, JAMES SHEPARD.

